{"id":260,"date":"2015-02-12T15:53:47","date_gmt":"2015-02-12T08:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/?p=260"},"modified":"2016-08-03T08:53:58","modified_gmt":"2016-08-03T01:53:58","slug":"%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%87-mrtg-%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%87-mrtg-%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b1%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%a2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07 Mrtg \u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e21\u0e31\u0e49\u0e22"},"content":{"rendered":"

Install a http server<\/strong><\/p>\n

MRTG requires an http server to be installed and operating correctly. In our example, we\u2019ll install and use the Apache http server. Navigate to the Apache port and build it:<\/p>\n

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cd<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>ports<\/span>\/<\/span>www<\/span>\/<\/span>apache24 <\/span><\/div>\n
make <\/span>install <\/span>clean<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Once Apache has been successfully installed, add the following line to \/etc\/rc.conf<\/em> so that the Apache server will start automatically at system boot.<\/p>\n

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apache24_enable<\/span>=<\/span>“YES”<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Now let\u2019s start Apache to make sure it works:<\/p>\n

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service <\/span>apache24 <\/span>start<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Point your web browser to the host name or IP address of the FreeBSD host you\u2019ve installed Apache on and you should see the venerable \u201cIt works!\u201d<\/p>\n

Install and configure MRTG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Now that we have an http server up and running let\u2019s install MRTG:<\/p>\n

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cd<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>ports<\/span>\/<\/span>net<\/span>–<\/span>mgmt<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
make <\/span>install <\/span>clean<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

What does the MRTG port install and where is that stuff located?<\/p>\n

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# find \/ -name ‘mrtg’<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>var<\/span>\/<\/span>run<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>var<\/span>\/<\/span>mail<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>ports<\/span>\/<\/span>net<\/span>–<\/span>mgmt<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>share<\/span>\/<\/span>doc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>share<\/span>\/<\/span>examples<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>cfgmaker<\/span><\/div>\n
\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>indexmaker<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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MRTG provides the example configuration file \/usr\/local\/etc\/mrtg\/mrtg.cfg.sample<\/em> that describes global configuration parameters as well as various configuration options for the SNMP targets you want to monitor. If you already have some experience with MRTG and SNMP you can simply copy or move this file to \/usr\/local\/etc\/mrtg\/mrtg.cfg<\/em> then modify it to meet your requirements. In our example, however, we\u2019re going to create the requisite mrtg.cfg<\/em> file from scratch.<\/p>\n

MRTG includes the script cfgmaker<\/em> that will create and populate a basic mrtg.cfg<\/em> file with information obtained from your gateway\/router. So, before running \/usr\/local\/bin\/cfgmaker<\/em>, you should activiate and configure the SNMP service in your gateway\/router. This typically involves logging into the device and enabling SNMP. The default SNMP community name is typically \u201cpublic.\u201d If you change the SNMP community name to something else, make note of it. Now, let\u2019s run cfgmaker<\/em>, substituting your SNMP community name if you\u2019ve changed it, and adding the IP address of your gateway\/router:<\/p>\n

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\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>cfgmaker<\/span> —<\/span>output<\/span>=<\/span>\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>.<\/span>cfg <\/span>public<\/span>@<\/span>your<\/span>–<\/span>device<\/span>‘s<\/span>–<\/span>IP<\/span>–<\/span>address<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

If you would like to add more than one device to mrtg.cfg<\/em> simply append the additional URL(s) to the same mrtg.cfg file. Then, when you build the web page using the indexmaker<\/em> command described below, graphs associated with each device will be displayed on the same HTML page:<\/p>\n

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\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>cfgmaker<\/span> —<\/span>output<\/span> \/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>.<\/span>cfg <\/span>public<\/span>@<\/span>the<\/span>–<\/span>first<\/span>–<\/span>device<\/span>‘s-IP-address public@the-second-device’<\/span>s<\/span>–<\/span>IP<\/span>–<\/span>address<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Next, open \/usr\/local\/etc\/mrtg\/mrtg.cfg<\/em> and, under Global Config Options, uncomment the lineWorkDir: \/home\/http\/mrtg<\/em> and change it to WorkDir: \/usr\/local\/www\/apache24\/data\/mrtg<\/em>. This is the directory from which the Apache http server will server the MRTG html pages. If you\u2019re using something other than Apache as your http server then you\u2019ll need to change this path.<\/p>\n

Next, uncomment the line Options[_]: growright, bits<\/em>. By default MRTG graphs grow to the left, so the option growright<\/em> specifies that the direction of the traffic visible in MRTG\u2019s graphs flips causing the current time to be at the right edge of the graph and the history values to the left. The optionbits<\/em> specifies that the monitored traffic values obtained from your device is multiplied by 8 and displayed bits per second instead of bytes per second.<\/p>\n

MRTG includes the script indexmaker<\/em>. This is what we\u2019ll use to create the pages used to display the MRTG graphs. First, let\u2019s create the directory from which Apache http server will serve up the pages:<\/p>\n

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mkdir<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>www<\/span>\/<\/span>apache24<\/span>\/<\/span>data<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Then use indexmaker<\/em> combined with our mrtg.cfg<\/em> file to create and populate an index.html<\/em> file in that directory:<\/p>\n

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\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>bin<\/span>\/<\/span>indexmaker<\/span> —<\/span>output<\/span>=<\/span>\/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>www<\/span>\/<\/span>apache24<\/span>\/<\/span>data<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>\/<\/span>index<\/span>.<\/span>html<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span>.<\/span>cfg<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Now we need to add an Alias<\/em> and a Directory<\/em> directive to Apache\u2019s configuration file to support MRTG. Open \/usr\/local\/etc\/apache24\/httpd.conf<\/em> and add the following lines in the section containing similar Directory directives, or it can simply be appended to the bottom of the file:<\/p>\n

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Alias<\/span> \/<\/span>mrtg<\/span> “\/usr\/local\/www\/apache24\/data\/mrtg”<\/span><\/div>\n
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<<\/span>Directory<\/span> “\/usr\/local\/www\/apache24\/data\/mrtg”<\/span>><\/span><\/div>\n
Options <\/span>None<\/span><\/div>\n
AllowOverride <\/span>None<\/span><\/div>\n
Require <\/span>all <\/span>granted<\/span><\/div>\n
<<\/span>\/<\/span>Directory<\/span>><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

And change the user and group for the following directories to mrtg<\/em>:<\/p>\n

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chown<\/span> –<\/span>R<\/span> mrtg<\/span>:<\/span>mrtg<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg <\/span><\/div>\n
chown<\/span> –<\/span>R<\/span> mrtg<\/span>:<\/span>mrtg<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>local<\/span>\/<\/span>www<\/span>\/<\/span>apache24<\/span>\/<\/span>data<\/span>\/<\/span>mrtg<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Finally, let\u2019s restart the http server:<\/p>\n

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service <\/span>apache24 <\/span>restart<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Starting MRTG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Okay, now that MRTG has been installed and configured let\u2019s start it up and see what it displays. Add the following line to \/etc\/rc.conf<\/em>:<\/p>\n

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mrtg_daemon_enable<\/span>=<\/span>“YES”<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Then start the MRTG daemon:<\/p>\n

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service <\/span>mrtg_daemon <\/span>start<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The MRTG daemon will now run automatically each time FreeBSD starts.<\/p>\n

Now point your browser to http:\/\/your-http-server-address\/mrtg<\/em> and you should see a page that resembles Figure 1. You may have more or less graphs depending on the number of interfaces reported by your devices(s).<\/p>\n

\"Screenshot<\/a><\/p>\n

Figure 1<\/div>\n

You\u2019ll see the graph starting to \u201cgrow\u201d to the right as the traffic is monitored over time, and the Y axis displayed as bits per second. If you click on any one of these graphs you\u2019ll be taken to differnt page showing individual graphs for 30 minute, two hour, and daily averages, along with the maximum, average, and current bit rate in and out of that particular interface. By default, these graphs will update every 5 minutes.<\/p>\n

Only interested in displaying one particular interface? Want to graph other SNMP data? Now that you that you have a basic mrtg.cfg<\/em> file created you can modify it or incorporate some of the global and target parameter examples contained in the file \/usr\/local\/etc\/mrtg\/mrtg.cfg.sample<\/em> to further customize your configuration. Just remember to run indexmaker<\/em> again to update the MRTGindex.html<\/em> file.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Install a http server MRTG requires an http server to be installed and operating correctly. In our example, we\u2019ll install and use the Apache http [\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":306,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?fit=260%2C153&ssl=1","blog_post_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?fit=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,false]},"categories_names":{"1":{"name":"\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e27\u0e40\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c","link":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/category\/%e0%b8%9a%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%8c\/"}},"tags_names":[],"comments_number":0,"wpmagazine_modules_lite_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"cvmm-medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,true],"cvmm-medium-plus":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,true],"cvmm-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,true],"cvmm-medium-square":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,true],"cvmm-large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,true],"cvmm-small":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?resize=130%2C95&ssl=1",130,95,true],"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2015\/02\/logo-mrtg-e1470189228294.png?fit=260%2C153&ssl=1",260,153,false]},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Mvvj-4c","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=260"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":308,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/260\/revisions\/308"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.st.ac.th\/krubuncha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}